|
Yukon |
Yukon Territory, administrative region of northwestern Canada. Its capital and largest city is Whitehorse. To the outsider the Yukon Territory remains inextricably associated with the rush for gold in the Klondike region at the end of the 19th century. The territory still depends largely on mining. Its mountainous terrain and severe climate have discouraged settlement and the development of other important economic activities. Furthermore, most of the minerals are produced by mining operations that require a high degree of technology but relatively few workers.
The Yukon presents a major challenge to modern technology because of the existence of permanently frozen earth, known as permafrost, which lies just below the ground surface. Permafrost blankets the Arctic zones and extends into many southern parts of the Yukon. Any warmth, whether from household heating or spells of mild weather, is likely to melt the top layers of the permafrost. As a result, roadbeds and building foundations have to be insulated from the permafrost to prevent them from sinking.
Physical Geography
The Yukon lies north of the 60th parallel of north latitude and partly within the Arctic Circle. Its area is 482,440 sq km (186,270 sq mi), including 8,052 sq km (3,109 sq mi) of inland water. The area of the Yukon Territory accounts for slightly less than 5 percent of Canada’s total area.
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Natural Regions
The entire territory belongs to the physiographic province of Canada called the Cordilleran Region, or Cordillera. In the Yukon the Eastern System of the Cordillera contains a fringe of the Mackenzie Mountains as well as the Selwyn Mountains and the Richardson Mountains. The Interior System of the Cordillera is represented in the Yukon chiefly by the large Yukon Plateau. Through this plateau run the Yukon’s major rivers, including the Yukon, Klondike, Pelly, Stewart, Peel, and Porcupine rivers. The rivers have cut valleys in the plateau that are in some cases 300 to 600 m (1,000 to 2,000 ft) deep. The Yukon’s longest lakes, Kluane and Aishihik, are at the southern end of the plateau. Away from the river valleys, the plateau is generally rugged and rolling with an average elevation of about 1,200 m (about 4,000 ft) above sea level. To the southwest of the plateau lie the rugged peaks of the Saint Elias Mountains, which belong to the Coast Ranges of western North America and thus are classified with the Western System of the Cordillera. This mountain system contains the highest mountains in the Yukon, including 5,959-m (19,551-ft) Mount Logan, the highest peak in Canada. The Saint Elias Mountains also contain the mountain that was named for United States president John F. Kennedy after his assassination in 1963. In 1972 Kluane National Park and Reserve, the first national park in the Yukon, was established. Covering 22,000 sq km (8,500 sq mi) in the Saint Elias Mountains, it contains dramatic ice fields and much wildlife as well as Canada’s highest mountains.
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Total Yukon GDP by Industry, 2004-------------------$1,132,600,000 |
Growth Rate from 2003 to 2004-----------------------4.6 %
|
|
2004 Highlights |
The Yukon’s Gross Domestic Product by Industry rose 4.6% in 2004 after increasing only 0.02% in
2003. In 2004, the largest dollar value increases were seen in the construction and the mining and oil
and gas extraction sectors. Construction increased by $23.9 million, or 29.1% over 2003. This was due
in large part to construction of the Canada Games Centre in Whitehorse, however; residential construction
was also up $2.4 million, or 8.3%, over 2003. In 2004, the mining and oil and gas extraction sector
increased by $17.4 million, or 34.7%, over 2003. There was only a slight increase in the public
administration sector, the largest sector, increasing from $254.9 million in 2003 to $256.3 million in
2004, an increase of 0.5%. |
|
Real Gross Domestic Product by Industry, 1999–2004
|
(millions of chained 1997 dollars) |
| |
1999 |
2000 |
2001(r) |
2002(r) |
2003(r) |
2004 |
|
AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, FISHING & HUNTING |
3.9 |
4.5 |
5.1 |
4.0 |
4.1 |
4.0 |
|
Crop and animal production |
1.8 |
1.9 |
2.1 |
2.0 |
1.9 |
1.9 |
|
Forestry and logging |
1.7 |
2.5 |
3.1 |
1.8 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
|
Fishing, hunting and trapping |
0.4 |
0.1 |
0.2 |
0.2 |
0.3 |
0.2 |
|
Support activities for agriculture and forestry |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
0.1 |
|
MINING AND OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION |
59.8 |
63 |
67.5 |
63.1 |
50.2 |
67.6 |
|
Oil and gas extraction |
15.8 |
19.8 |
27.9 |
24.7 |
16.7 |
11.9 |
|
Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction |
5.5 |
x
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
|
UTILITIES |
15.0 |
14.3 |
14.3 |
15.3 |
15.3 |
15.7 |
|
CONSTRUCTION |
71.4 |
69.1 |
87.1 |
81.0 |
82.0 |
105.9 |
|
Residential building construction |
18.2 |
20.6 |
21.4 |
25.2 |
28.8 |
31.2 |
|
Non-residential building construction |
17.5 |
14.4 |
20.5 |
14.2 |
15.7 |
21.6 |
|
Transportation engineering construction |
x |
10.8 |
x |
11.8 |
17.1 |
19.5 |
|
Oil and gas engineering construction |
0.6 |
1.6 |
2.7 |
x |
x |
x |
|
Electric power engineering construction |
x |
x |
x |
12.4 |
3.9 |
4.0 |
|
Other engineering construction |
x |
8.1 |
x |
x |
x |
x |
|
Repair construction |
11.5 |
11.8 |
13.3 |
11.3 |
11.6 |
11.1 |
|
Other activities of the construction industry |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
0.6 |
|
MANUFACTURING |
1.9 |
3.4 |
3.1 |
2.8 |
1.7 |
2.6 |
|
WHOLESALE TRADE |
39.1 |
40.1 |
39.4 |
39.6 |
40.4 |
39.8 |
|
RETAIL TRADE |
58.5 |
60.8 |
66.1 |
69.5 |
69.7 |
69.7 |
|
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING |
30.3 |
34.3 |
35.0 |
33.5 |
33.5 |
33.6 |
|
Truck transportation |
8.6 |
7.8 |
9.6 |
9.5 |
10.0 |
10.3 |
|
Air, rail, water, scenic and sightseeing, and other support
activities for transportation |
15.4 |
17.0 |
17.1 |
15.2 |
14.9 |
14.5 |
|
Warehousing and storage |
.. |
0.4 |
0.4 |
x |
x |
x |
|
INFORMATION AND CULTURAL INDUSTRIES |
38.2 |
45.8 |
51.3 |
54.7 |
56.3 |
57.1 |
|
Broadcasting and telecommunications |
32.3 |
39.5 |
45.2 |
49.7 |
50.7 |
51.2 |
|
FINANCE & INSURANCE & REAL ESTATE & RENTING & LEASING & MANAGEMENT OF COMPANIES AND ENTERPRISES |
179.7 |
188.6 |
195.7 |
204.1 |
212.1 |
218.3 |
|
Monetary authorities and depository credit intermediation |
18.4 |
16.5 |
17.9 |
14.7 |
x |
x |
|
Lessors of real estate |
40.5 |
43.6 |
44.4 |
45.5 |
46.6 |
47.2 |
|
Owner-occupied dwellings |
89.6 |
94.1 |
101.6 |
112.7 |
117.3 |
121.3 |
|
Rental and leasing services and lessors of non-financial
intangible assets (except copyrighted works) |
x |
x |
x |
x |
10.6 |
10.9 |
|
Other finance, insurance and real estate, and managementof companies and enterprises |
12.7 |
13.7 |
13.0 |
13.8 |
x |
x |
|
PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SERVICES |
24.2 |
26.5 |
27.3 |
28.0 |
29.0 |
29.6 |
|
ADMINISTRATIVE & SUPPORT & WASTE MANAGEMENT AND REMEDIATION SERVICES |
9.8 |
9.0 |
9.8 |
11.2 |
11.3 |
11.6 |
|
Administrative and support services |
8.5 |
7.6 |
8.2 |
9.5 |
9.5 |
9.8 |
|
Waste management and remediation services |
1.3 |
1.5 |
1.6 |
1.8 |
1.8 |
1.9 |
|
EDUCATIONAL SERVICES |
71.4 |
69.1 |
65.6 |
66.9 |
67.1 |
66.9 |
|
Note "x" = suppressed for confidentially
(r) = revised figures |
Real Gross Domestic Product by Industry, 1999–2004
(millions of chained 1997 dollars) |
| |
1999 |
2000 |
2001(r) |
2002(r) |
2003(r) |
2004 |
|
HEALTH CARE AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE |
70.5 |
70.9 |
73.0 |
72.8 |
75.3 |
76.2 |
|
Hospitals |
15.7 |
14.4 |
14.6 |
14.5 |
15.2 |
15.0 |
|
Health care services (excluding hospitals) and social
assistance |
54.8 |
56.5 |
58.3 |
58.3 |
60.0 |
61.2 |
|
ARTS, ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION |
5.5 |
6.1 |
6.1 |
6.3 |
6.4 |
6.4 |
|
ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES |
48.1 |
53.2 |
49.5 |
46.6 |
48.1 |
48.5 |
|
OTHER SERVICES (EXCEPT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION) |
38.0 |
41.7 |
48.1 |
49.2 |
49.7 |
51.0 |
|
Repair and maintenance |
5.7 |
5.9 |
7.0 |
7.1 |
6.6 |
6.8 |
|
Religious organizations |
1.9 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
2.1 |
|
Grant-making and giving services, civic, and professional and similar organizations |
25.1 |
28.8 |
33.9 |
34.6 |
35.4 |
36.4 |
|
Personal and laundry services and private households |
5.3 |
5.0 |
5.1 |
5.4 |
5.5 |
5.5 |
|
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION |
247.3 |
255.0 |
253.0 |
258.5 |
254.9 |
256.3 |
|
Defence services |
1.1 |
0.8 |
0.7 |
0.7 |
0.8 |
0.8 |
|
Federal government public administration (except defence) |
77.0 |
73.5 |
73.8 |
73.2 |
60.6 |
57.4 |
|
Provincial and territorial public administration |
140.6 |
149.6 |
146.8 |
153.0 |
165.1 |
170.5 |
|
Local, municipal and regional public administration |
28.8 |
31.8 |
32.5 |
32.3 |
32.4 |
31.9 |
|
ALL INDUSTRIES |
988.7 |
1,033.4 |
1,073.0 |
1,082.5 |
1,082.7 |
1,132.6 |
|
Notes :
(r) = revised figures |
|
Year-to-Year Real Growth Rates (%) by Industry, 1999–2004
(Inflation has been taken into account) |
| |
1999 |
2000 |
2001(r) |
2002(r) |
2003(r) |
2004 |
| AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, FISHING & HUNTING |
5.4 |
15.4 |
13.3 |
-21.6 |
2.5 |
-2.4 |
| Crop and animal production |
38.5 |
5.6 |
10.5 |
-4.8 |
-5.0 |
0.0 |
| Forestry and logging |
-26.1 |
47.1 |
24.0 |
-41.9 |
11.1 |
5.0 |
| Fishing, hunting and trapping |
100.0 |
-75.0 |
100.0 |
0.0 |
50.0 |
-33.3 |
| Support activities for agriculture and forestry |
.. |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
| MINING AND OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION |
-37.4 |
5.4 |
7.1 |
-6.5 |
-20.4 |
34.7 |
| Oil and gas extraction |
182.1 |
25.3 |
40.9 |
-11.5 |
-32.4 |
-28.7 |
| Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction |
-71.5 |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
| UTILITIES |
-8.0 |
-4.7 |
0.0 |
7.0 |
0.0 |
2.6 |
| CONSTRUCTION |
9.8 |
-3.2 |
26.0 |
-7.0 |
1.2 |
29.1 |
| Residential building construction |
-4.7 |
13.2 |
3.9 |
17.8 |
14.3 |
8.3 |
| Non-residential building construction |
27.7 |
-17.7 |
42.4 |
-30.7 |
10.6 |
37.6 |
| Transportation engineering construction |
x |
x |
x |
x |
44.9 |
14.0 |
| Oil and gas engineering construction |
.. |
166.7 |
68.8 |
x |
x |
x |
| Electric power engineering construction |
x |
x |
x |
x |
-68.5 |
2.6 |
| Other engineering construction |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
| Repair construction |
15.0 |
2.6 |
12.7 |
-15.0 |
2.7 |
-4.3 |
| Other activities of the construction industry |
0.0 |
33.3 |
0.0 |
0.0 |
25.0 |
20.0 |
| MANUFACTURING |
137.5 |
78.9 |
-8.8 |
-9.7 |
-39.3 |
52.9 |
| WHOLESALE TRADE |
0.5 |
2.6 |
-1.7 |
0.5 |
2.0 |
-1.5 |
| RETAIL TRADE |
3.4 |
3.9 |
8.7 |
5.1 |
0.3 |
0.0 |
| TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING |
-14.2 |
13.2 |
2.0 |
-4.3 |
0.0 |
0.3 |
| Truck transportation |
-33.3 |
-9.3 |
23.1 |
-1.0 |
5.3 |
3.0 |
| Air, rail, water, scenic and sightseeing, and other support
activities for transportation |
-14.0 |
10.4 |
0.6 |
-11.1 |
-2.0 |
-2.7 |
| Warehousing and storage |
.. |
.. |
0.0 |
x |
x |
x |
| INFORMATION AND CULTURAL INDUSTRIES |
-3.0 |
19.9 |
12.0 |
6.6 |
2.9 |
1.4 |
| Broadcasting and telecommunications |
4.2 |
22.3 |
14.4 |
10.0 |
2.0 |
1.0 |
| FINANCE & INSURANCE & REAL ESTATE & RENTING & LEASING & MANAGEMENT OF COMPANIES AND ENTERPRISES |
-0.4 |
5.0 |
3.8 |
4.3 |
3.9 |
2.9 |
| Monetary authorities and depository credit intermediation |
-24.6 |
-10.3 |
8.5 |
-17.9 |
x |
x |
| Lessors of real estate |
-1.2 |
7.7 |
1.8 |
2.5 |
2.4 |
1.3 |
| Owner-occupied dwellings |
5.4 |
5.0 |
8.0 |
10.9 |
4.1 |
3.4 |
| Rental and leasing services and lessors of non-financial
intangible assets (except copyrighted works) |
x |
x |
x |
x |
x |
2.8 |
| Other finance, insurance and real estate, and management of companies and enterprises |
x |
7.9 |
-5.1 |
6.2 |
x |
x |
| PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SERVICES |
7.6 |
9.5 |
3.0 |
2.6 |
3.6 |
2.1 |
| ADMINISTRATIVE & SUPPORT & WASTE MANAGEMENT AND REMEDIATION SERVICES |
-19.7 |
-8.2 |
8.9 |
14.3 |
0.9 |
2.7 |
| Administrative and support services |
-26.1 |
-10.6 |
7.9 |
15.9 |
0.0 |
3.2 |
| Waste management and remediation services |
62.5 |
15.4 |
6.7 |
12.5 |
0.0 |
5.6 |
| EDUCATIONAL SERVICES |
4.4 |
-3.2 |
-5.1 |
2.0 |
0.3 |
-0.3
|
|
Notes ".." = unavailable
(r) = revised figures |
Year-to-Year Real Growth Rates (%) by Industry, 1999–2004
(Inflation has been taken into account) |
| |
1999
|
2000
|
2001(r)
|
2002(r)
|
2003(r)
|
2004
|
|
HEALTH CARE AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
|
13.3
|
0.6
|
3.0
|
-0.3
|
3.4
|
1.2
|
|
Hospitals
|
7.5
|
-8.3
|
1.4
|
-0.7
|
4.8
|
-1.3
|
|
Health care services (excluding hospitals) and social
assistance
|
15.1
|
3.1
|
3.2
|
0.0
|
2.9
|
2.0
|
|
ARTS, ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION
|
14.6
|
10.9
|
0.0
|
3.3
|
1.6
|
0.0
|
|
ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES
|
-4.6
|
10.6
|
-7.0
|
-5.9
|
3.2
|
0.8
|
|
OTHER SERVICES (EXCEPT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION)
|
5.6
|
9.7
|
15.3
|
2.3
|
1.0
|
2.6
|
|
Repair and maintenance
|
16.3
|
3.5
|
18.6
|
1.4
|
-7.0
|
3.0
|
|
Religious organizations
|
5.6
|
5.3
|
0.0
|
5.0
|
0.0
|
0.0
|
|
Grant-making and giving services, civic, and professional and similar organizations
|
3.7
|
14.7
|
17.7
|
2.1
|
2.3
|
2.8
|
|
Personal and laundry services and private households
|
3.9
|
-5.7
|
2.0
|
5.9
|
1.9
|
0.0
|
|
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
|
4.2
|
3.1
|
-0.8
|
2.2
|
-1.4
|
0.5
|
|
Defence services
|
-26.7
|
-27.3
|
-12.5
|
0.0
|
14.3
|
0.0
|
|
Federal government public administration (except defence)
|
9.5
|
-4.5
|
0.4
|
-0.8
|
-17.2
|
-5.3
|
|
Provincial and territorial public administration
|
1.7
|
6.4
|
-1.9
|
4.2
|
7.9
|
3.3
|
|
Local, municipal and regional public administration
|
5.5
|
10.4
|
2.2
|
-0.6
|
0.3
|
-1.5
|
|
ALL INDUSTRIES
|
-0.8
|
4.5
|
3.8
|
0.9
|
0.0
|
4.6
|
|
Notes ".." = unavailable
(r) = revised figures |
Yukon’s Real GDP by Industry,
as a percentage of Canada’s Total Real GDP by Industry |
|
Nominal Gross Domestic Product by Industry, 1999–2002
(millions of current dollars) |
| |
1999
|
2000
|
2001(r)
|
2002
|
|
AGRICULTURE, FORESTRY, FISHING & HUNTING
|
4.7
|
5.2
|
4.6
|
4.4
|
|
Crop and animal production
|
2.4
|
2.5
|
2.5
|
2.6
|
|
Forestry and logging
|
1.9
|
2.4
|
1.7
|
1.5
|
|
Fishing, hunting and trapping
|
0.4
|
0.2
|
0.4
|
0.3
|
|
Support activities for agriculture and forestry
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
0.1
|
|
MINING AND OIL AND GAS EXTRACTION
|
48.0
|
77.3
|
101.8
|
54.1
|
|
Oil and gas extraction
|
15.0
|
46.5
|
73.8
|
23.0
|
|
Support activities for mining and oil and gas extraction
|
5.1
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
|
UTILITIES
|
28.2
|
30.3
|
24.0
|
24.9
|
|
CONSTRUCTION
|
68.2
|
68.3
|
82.1
|
86.7
|
|
Residential building construction
|
17.6
|
20.7
|
21.5
|
27.6
|
|
Non-residential building construction
|
15.1
|
13.5
|
17.7
|
13.7
|
|
Transportation engineering construction
|
x
|
10.8
|
x
|
13.8
|
|
Oil and gas engineering construction
|
0.6
|
1.9
|
3.4
|
x
|
|
Electric power engineering construction
|
x
|
x
|
x
|
13.0
|
|
Other engineering construction
|
x
|
8.3
|
x
|
x
|
|
Repair construction
|
11.2
|
10.8
|
12.2
|
10.8
|
|
Other activities of the construction industry
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
0.5
|
0.5
|
|
MANUFACTURING
|
6.7
|
8.6
|
10.3
|
10.3
|
|
WHOLESALE TRADE
|
38.3
|
38.7
|
39.0
|
39.2
|
|
RETAIL TRADE
|
60.5
|
62.6
|
68.7
|
73.7
|
|
TRANSPORTATION AND WAREHOUSING
|
33.6
|
33.6
|
35.8
|
35.0
|
|
Truck transportation
|
8.7
|
7.6
|
9.8
|
9.9
|
|
Air, rail, water, scenic and sightseeing, and other support
activities for transportation
|
18.1
|
18.8
|
17.7
|
16.2
|
|
Warehousing and storage
|
0.0
|
0.4
|
0.4
|
x
|
|
INFORMATION AND CULTURAL INDUSTRIES
|
36.0
|
43.1
|
46.7
|
49.1
|
|
Broadcasting and telecommunications
|
29.2
|
36.0
|
39.5
|
42.2
|
|
FINANCE & INSURANCE & REAL ESTATE & RENTING & LEASING & MANAGEMENT OF COMPANIES AND ENTERPRISES
|
183.3
|
193.8
|
201.4
|
212.2
|
|
Monetary authorities and depository credit intermediation
|
16.5
|
17.1
|
16.9
|
15.6
|
|
Lessors of real estate
|
44.4
|
43.2
|
47.1
|
48.3
|
|
Owner-occupied dwellings
|
90.6
|
98.1
|
107.1
|
116.7
|
|
Other finance, insurance and real estate, and management of companies and enterprises
|
13.2
|
14.3
|
14.4
|
15.6
|
|
PROFESSIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL SERVICES
|
24.2
|
28.8
|
30.0
|
32.0
|
|
ADMINISTRATIVE & SUPPORT & WASTE MANAGEMENT AND REMEDIATION SERVICES
|
10.1
|
9.4
|
11.1
|
12.4
|
|
Administrative and support services
|
8.8
|
8.1
|
9.5
|
10.7
|
|
Waste management and remediation services
|
1.3
|
1.3
|
1.6
|
1.7
|
|
EDUCATIONAL SERVICES
|
71.5
|
74.2
|
77.3
|
80.2
|
|
Notes "x" = suppressed for confidentiality.
(r) = revised figures |
Nominal Gross Domestic Product by Industry, 1999–2002
(millions of current dollars) |
| |
1999
|
2000
|
2001(r)
|
2002
|
|
HEALTH CARE AND SOCIAL ASSISTANCE
|
72.8
|
80.0
|
87.1
|
92.6
|
|
Hospitals
|
16.0
|
15.7
|
16.4
|
17.3
|
|
Health care services (excluding hospitals) and social
assistance
|
56.8
|
64.3
|
70.7
|
75.2
|
|
ARTS, ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION
|
5.7
|
6.7
|
6.9
|
8.4
|
|
ACCOMMODATION AND FOOD SERVICES
|
51.1
|
57.7
|
54.4
|
53.2
|
|
OTHER SERVICES (EXCEPT PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION)
|
39.4
|
45.1
|
52.8
|
54.8
|
|
Repair and maintenance
|
5.8
|
6.2
|
7.9
|
7.8
|
|
Religious organizations
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
2.1
|
2.2
|
|
Grant-making and giving services, civic, and professional and similar organizations
|
26.3
|
31.4
|
37.4
|
38.8
|
|
Personal and laundry services and private households
|
5.4
|
5.4
|
5.4
|
6.0
|
|
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
|
251.5
|
270.3
|
266.6
|
285.8
|
|
Defence services
|
1.2
|
0.9
|
0.8
|
0.8
|
|
Federal government public administration (except defence)
|
79.6
|
87.3
|
81.7
|
87.5
|
|
Provincial and territorial public administration
|
144.0
|
152.9
|
154.4
|
166.7
|
|
Local, municipal and regional public administration
|
26.8
|
29.3
|
29.7
|
30.7
|
|
ALL INDUSTRIES
|
1,033.6
|
1,136.5
|
1,200.8
|
1,208.9
|
|
Notes
(r) = revised figures |
Mining, Oil and Gas Extraction and Public Administration
as a percentage of the Total Nominal GDP by Industry, 1999 and 2002 |
|
|
|
|
|
